Nursing Exam Prep: Question and Answers

Nursing Exam Prep: Question and Answers A nurse in the child life center encourages preschool children to engage in role play. Why does the nurse consider this an important part of socialization? A nurse is planning to ...

Nursing Exam Prep: Question and Answers A nurse in the child life center encourages preschool children to engage in role play. Why does the nurse consider this an important part of socialization? A nurse is planning to foster independence in a group of 4-year-old children. What self-care skill does the nurse expect 4-year-olds to be capable of performing? When planning discharge teaching for the parents of a child with asthma, what information should be included? With which roommate should the nurse place a 4-year-old boy who has been admitted to the hospital with nephrotic syndrome? A preschool child is found to have chickenpox during the acute phase. The nurse tells the parents, "It's important not to expose your child to anyone undergoing certain types of prolonged medication therapy." What medication therapy puts a person at risk? The nurse discusses discipline with parents of a 4-year-old child. Which parental statement regarding time-out reflects an appropriate application of this method of discipline? Parents express concerns to the nurse that their 4-year-old child is spending a large amount of time playing with an imaginary friend. What is the best response by the nurse? A young child with acute nonlymphoid leukemia is admitted to the pediatric unit with a fever and neutropenia. What are the most appropriate nursing interventions to minimize the complications associated with neutropenia? The health care provider prescribes mebendazole (Vermox) for a 4-year-old child with pinworms. For which expected response to the medication does the nurse teach the parents to be alert? A nurse is caring for a child with acute lymphoid leukemia who is undergoing chemotherapy. The parents ask why the child needs prednisone. How should the nurse respond? During a clinic visit a 4-year-old girl suddenly yells, "Don't sit on Erin!" The parent whispers that Erin is an imaginary friend. What is the nurse's best action? What is the average duration of sleep per night for a preschooler? What is the best approach for the nurse to use when preparing a preschooler for surgery? A nurse is preparing an intramuscular injection to be administered to a 2-year-old child. What approach is the most therapeutic? A nurse is preparing to give a 3-year-old toddler an intramuscular injection, and the child starts to cry. What is the most therapeutic approach for the nurse to take? What is the best way for the nurse to greet a 3-year-old child sitting in the waiting room of the pediatric clinic? A parent of three young children has contracted tuberculosis. Which should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe for members of the family who have a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test and are candidates for treatment? A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department after falling on the handlebars of a tricycle. The child is guarding the abdomen, crying, and not allowing any physical contact with the staff. What is the best action by the nurse? A 4-year-old boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is to undergo bone marrow aspiration. While involving the child in therapeutic play before the procedure the nurse should help him understand that: A 3-year-old child is seen in the emergency department after a fall off a swing, and a possible concussion is diagnosed. When using the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse How should parents practice "time-out" with preschoolers? A 4½-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with a fractured tibia. Which type of fracture is most common in children of this age? A child with nephrotic syndrome visits the clinic for a follow-up visit. During the visit the parent states that the child is always tired and has no appetite. The nurse notes that the child has a muddy, pale complexion. What problem does the nurse suspect? A 3-year-old child with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the child health unit during a painful episode. Splenomegaly is identified. The nurse explains to the parents that splenomegaly is: On return to the pediatric unit after a tonsillectomy, a nurse notes that a 4-year-old child is swallowing frequently. What is the probable cause of this response? The mother of a preschool-age child tells the nurse that her husband is dying of cancer and that she is worried about how her child will cope. As part of their discussion, the nurse includes that preschool-age children view death as: A 4-year-old child begins screaming and kicking when the laboratory technician arrives to draw blood. What does the nurse identify as the most likely cause of the child's behavior? A 4-year-old boy with Reye syndrome is beginning to show signs of recovery. The intracranial pressure has receded, the vital signs are stable, the fever has subsided, and urine output is within the acceptable range for the child's weight and fluid intake. What should the nurse tell the parents about their son's recovery? The parents of a 4-year-old child call the health center and report that their child has a fever of 102.6° F (39.2° C), is complaining of a sore throat, and will not lie down, preferring to sit up and lean forward. The child is drooling and looks ill and agitated. In light of this information, what guidance should the nurse provide the family? A preschooler who is allergic to environmental pollutants is to be given a hyposensitization injection. What clinical finding prompts the nurse to withhold the injection? A nurse is planning to give a preschool child an immunization consisting of bacterial cells that have been modified. What is the substance called? A nurse is planning to communicate with a preschool child. What is most important for the nurse to know about the child first? A preschool child is found to have atopic dermatitis. The nurse emphasizes that the child should be discouraged from scratching. The child's mother asks why scratching should be prevented. The nurse responds: When talking with a 4-year-old child, a nurse determines that the child is shy and stutters. What does stuttering in a 4-year-old child indicate? A nurse is caring for 3-year-old children. At what stage of cognitive thought does the nurse expect them to be? A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child whose arm is immobilized. What play activity is most appropriate for this child? The nurse, caring for a 3-year-old child with meningitis, should be alert for which signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure? (Select all that apply.) A 4-year-old child with a new colostomy is to be discharged in several days. What should the nurse teach the parents about their child's home care? A 3-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome. The child has ascites, oliguria, respirations of 40 breaths/min, and a recent weight gain of 10 lb. What nursing intervention may help ease the child's respiratory difficulty? A nurse is caring for a preschooler on the pediatric unit. What does the nurse identify as the child's greatest fear at this age? The parents of a 3-year-old child who has recurrent attacks of acute spasmodic laryngitis (spasmodic croup) ask the nurse why this happens to their child. The best rationale for the nurse to convey why this is a disorder of young children is that they: Which statement is true regarding nightmares in preschoolers? A 3-year-old boy is found to have X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neither parent has muscular dystrophy. Which statement indicates that the parents understand how the disorder is transmitted? A preschool child presents to the clinic for a well-child examination. What feature of the child's dress is most important for the nurse to address with the parents? When preparing a child with asthma for discharge, what instructions must the nurse emphasize to the family? (Select all that apply.) Monitoring vital signs, particularly the blood pressure and the rate and quality of the pulse, is essential in detecting physiological adaptations in a preschool child with nephrotic syndrome. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse be able to detect from these vital signs? A busy work-at-home parent reports little time to interact with preschool children who become easily bored. Which activity is best for the nurse to recommend to keep the children occupied for long periods? A 4½-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit in preparation for surgery. What psychological responses to hospitalization does the nurse anticipate from this preschooler? (Select all that apply.) A 4-year-old child is receiving prednisone. Which immunizations are safe for the child to receive? (Select all that apply.) A 4-year-old child is found to have acute lymphoblastic leukemia. One of the parents tells the nurse, "We just had a discussion with our pediatrician about starting chemotherapy, consolidation therapy, and radiation therapy. We're so confused, and we don't know what to do. We want to do what is best for our child, but we don't want any unnecessary suffering." What is the best response by the nurse? A 4-year-old child is admitted with burns over the entire right arm and the anterior and posterior aspects of both legs. Using the percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) that was burned, the nurse estimates that the TBSA affected is approximately: A nurse is teaching the parents of a 3-year-old child with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis about their child's special needs. What statement indicates that the parents need further teaching about the issues related to cystic fibrosis? A child who has been undergoing prolonged steroid therapy takes on a cushingoid appearance. What will the nursing evaluation probably reveal? (Select all that apply.) A 3-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of acute asthma. The child is short of breath, with a respiratory rate of 56 breaths/min; the pulse is 102, and the child has a nonproductive cough. What blood gas value does the nurse expect to see? A 4-year-old abused child, after being hospitalized for severe injuries, is placed in temporary foster care. The foster family comes to the hospital to meet the child. What A hospitalized 3-year-old child with leukemia is undergoing chemotherapy. The mother tells the nurse that her child is asking for fried chicken. How should the nurse respond? What nursing intervention best meets the developmental needs of hospitalized preschool-age children? A nurse is preparing to take the vital signs of a 4-year-old child who was brought to the well-child clinic. What criterion should the nurse use when selecting the appropriate size of blood pressure cuff? A nurse plans care of 4-year-old hospitalized children on the basis of their developmental level. What is the major vulnerability of children this age? A 3½ -year-old child with severe iron-deficiency anemia is seen by a nurse in the clinic. In addition to weakness and fatigue, what should the nurse expect the child to exhibit? A health care provider prescribes steroid therapy for a 4-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. What goal of this treatment does the nurse explain to the child's parents? Which of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development occurs at the preschool age? What play activity should the nurse provide for a 4-year-old child on bedrest? A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child. In what stage of Erikson's psychosocial development does the nurse expect the child to be in the process of achieving? Which reactions does a nurse expect of a 4-year-old child in response to illness and hospitalization? A child with nephrotic syndrome visits the clinic for a follow-up visit. During the visit the parent states that the child is always tired and has no appetite. The nurse notes that the child has a muddy, pale complexion. What problem does the nurse suspect? What is the average duration of sleep per night for a preschooler? A 4-year-old child who has never been separated from parents or siblings is admitted to the hospital. What is most important for the nurse to encourage the parents to do? A 3½-year-old boy from Central America who has tetralogy of Fallot attends the pediatric cardiac clinic for a diagnostic workup before corrective surgery is scheduled. The nurse's evaluation of the child's motor ability demonstrates that he is just beginning to walk unsupported. When comparing this child with other 3½-year-old children, the nurse determines that the child: A 4-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome has repeated relapses. As the child gets older, what is the most important attribute for the child to develop? A nurse is reviewing the report of a biopsy taken from a preschool child's brain tumor. The tumor is a cerebellar astrocytoma. The nurse determines that this tumor is: A nurse anticipates that a preschooler will perceive death as: A nurse is trying to involve a hospitalized preschooler in therapeutic play. Why is this so important? A nurse is caring for a preschooler who is being prepared for surgery. What does the nurse expect to have the most influence on the child's response to hospitalization? A child recovering from a severe asthma attack is given oral prednisone 15 mg twice daily. What is the priority nursing intervention? After several days of bedrest, a preschool-age boy with the diagnosis of a liver laceration becomes demanding and will not listen to the nurses. The child was found in the playroom twice on the previous shift. How can the nurse best meet the needs of this child? A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when caring for the child? (Select all that apply.) Which belief should a nurse expect a preschooler to hold regarding the concept of death? An IV catheter is to be inserted into a 3-year-old toddler's peripheral vein. As local topical anesthetic is applied, the toddler starts to cry and asks whether the insertion is going to hurt. How should the nurse respond? A 3-year-old child with the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot is brought to the United States by a charitable organization for cardiac surgery. What should the nurse expect to observe when caring for the child? A health care provider writes prescriptions for a young child with a tentative diagnosis of Wilms tumor. Which prescription should the nurse question? A nurse reviews the preoperative instructions for a 3½-year-old child who is to undergo follow-up cleft palate surgery. Which instruction should the nurse question? The nurse finds a 4½ -year-old hospitalized girl, who has several siblings, crying and shouting at her teddy bear, "There! You bad girl! Don't be mad at your brother! Go to the hospital!" An understanding of preschooler development leads the nurse to believe that this behavior is based on the fact that the child: A parent and 4-year-old child who recently emigrated from Colombia arrive at the pediatric clinic. The child has a temperature of 102° F (38.8° C), is irritable, and has a runny nose. Inspection reveals a rash and several small, red, irregularly shaped spots with blue-white centers in the mouth. What illness does the nurse suspect? A 4-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit for a tonsillectomy. During preoperative planning a nurse reviews the child's laboratory report. Which lab value is of most significance in this situation? A preschool child with a spinal cord injury will be on prolonged bedrest. The nurse explains to the parents that certain foods will be restricted to prevent complications associated with immobility. What food should be noted as restricted in the teaching plan? A 3-year-old child is hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome. The child has oliguria and generalized edema. What factor does the nurse identify that will have the greatest effect on the child's adjustment to hospitalization? What should the nurse do to meet the emotional needs of a 4-year-old child who is receiving daily injections? A nurse accompanies a 3-year-old child to the pediatric unit's playroom. The toddler seems reluctant to select a toy or activity. Which toy is most appropriate for the nurse to offer as a means of fostering creativity? When a nurse brings a dinner tray to a 4-year-old child hospitalized with pneumonia, the child says, "I'm too sick to feed myself." What is the best response by the nurse? Which statement is accurate regarding the typical growth and development of preschoolers? What age-related fear should the nurse expect when preparing a 4-year-old child for surgery? A 4-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of Wilms tumor. Considering the unique needs of a child with this diagnosis, the nurse should place a sign on the child's bed that states: A 4-year-old child with newly diagnosed leukemia is admitted for chemotherapy. While assisting with morning care the nurse observes bloody expectorant after the child has brushed the teeth. How should the nurse respond to this occurrence? A 3½ -year-old child has been ill with nephrotic syndrome. The child has been toilet-trained for longer than a year but has been incontinent lately. The child's parents express concern over this behavior. What is the most therapeutic response by the nurse to the parents? A 4-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a tentative diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The mother states that changes in her child's behavior and the "black and blue" marks were noticed several days ago. She blames herself for not bringing her child to the clinic sooner. On what information about the pathophysiology of leukemia should the nurse base a response? A preschool-age boy has been restricted to bedrest since being admitted to the hospital. As he begins to recover, he becomes interested in playing. In light of his developmental level and activity restriction, what should the nurse provide for him? To confirm a tentative diagnosis of leukemia a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are to be performed on a 4-year-old boy. The nurse gives an age-appropriate explanation of the procedure to the child. What else is involved in caring for this child? At what ages are children considered preschoolers? Select all that apply. How can a nurse best meet a preschooler's developmental needs just before a physical examination? Which type of play behavior does a preschooler exhibit? Which skill, if it cannot be performed by a 3-year-old child, should alert the nurse that the child may be developmentally delayed? A nurse who volunteers in a daycare for preschoolers has been asked to give a presentation to parents about health promotion. Which topics should the nurse include? The parents of a 3½ -year-old tell the nurse that their child has become a "picky eater" and has not gained much weight. How should the nurse respond? A preschooler is to have a peripheral intravenous catheter inserted. How can the nurse make the experience minimally traumatic for the child? A 3-year-old child is to receive a liquid iron preparation. What should the nurse teach the mother regarding this medication? The parents of a 4½-year-old child are concerned about the effects of hospitalization on the child. Which behavior should the nurse expect the child to exhibit? A 3-year-old boy is found to have X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neither parent has muscular dystrophy. Which statement indicates that the parents understand how the disorder is transmitted? A health care provider prescribes steroid therapy for a 4-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. What goal of this treatment does the nurse explain to the child's parents?