Life on Europa
Jupiter’s moon Europa has life hidden in its icy oceans. In many ways the cells found
there face similar conditions to those on Earth. In many ways they also face a plethora of
challenges from the diffe
...
Life on Europa
Jupiter’s moon Europa has life hidden in its icy oceans. In many ways the cells found
there face similar conditions to those on Earth. In many ways they also face a plethora of
challenges from the differing conditions, and some challenges from differing cell function. In
order to survive adverse conditions, life on Europa will need to adapt to the environment.
The cells on Europa may have a difficult time intaking oxygen, and this is for a couple of
reasons. Europa has a similar amount of oxygen as Earth, but a much larger amount of co2. The
cells are also are larger, which means the surface area to volume ratio is higher. One problem that
could be a concern would be a larger intake of co2 by means of diffusion. Both carbon dioxide
and oxygen diffuse across cell membranes; with more carbon dioxide in the air the cell will take
in one more than the other. In other words, less oxygen than needed will be absorbed. Another
concern would be the small surface area to volume; the cell may be unable to take in all the
nutrients it needs to survive overall. Due to oxygen being essential for cellular respiration, and
the conversion of energy within cells, they would need to adapt in order to find longevity. One
possibility would be the membrane becoming more selective when it comes to diffusion, or what
molecules pass to the interior. For example: restricting co2 to only pass through by way of
channel proteins or carrier proteins. Alternatively, cells could adapt to photosynthesize like those
on Earth. With excess amounts of co2 in the air, it could be a way to save the cells on Europa.
Europa has too much salt in its oceans. Water is attracted to NaCl so it tends to flock to
cells. This typically means the cell loses water, causing it to become hypertonic. Unless a
hypertonic cell is put in an opposing hypotonic solution, it will eventually die from lack of water.
Unfortunately the Europan oceans are lacking in any freshwater. The cells could eventually
become acclimated to the high levels of salt, much like organisms in
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