The Enlightenment Questions and Answers Latest 2023 Graded A

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The Enlightenment Questions and Answers Latest 2023 Graded A Enlightenment A popular philosophical movement of the 1700s that focused on human reasoning, natural science, political and ethical phi... losophy. John Locke 17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property. Voltaire (1694-1778) French philosopher. He believed that freedom of speech was the best weapon against bad government. He also spoke out against the corruption of the French government, and the intolerance of the Catholic Church. Montesquieu He believed political power should be divided into 3 branches. Separation of powers / checks and balances. Absolutism A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator. (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) Rousseau Great philosopher who was committed to individual freedom. Rousseau strongly disagreed with other Enlightenment thinkers on many matters. He argued that civilizations corrupted people's natural goodness. A famous quote of his was "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains,". Natural Rights The rights of all people to dignity and worth; also called human rights. (life,liberty, and property) Social Contract A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules. Thomas Hobbes said that all humans were naturally wicked and needed a strong ruler to keep them in order Mary Wollstonecraft an English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights [Show More]

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